Archive for the ‘ Religion ’ Category

Cause and Effect

This simple idea was one of the foundations of the Modern world. And one of the most important events in the formation of that World was the Reformation – and the Protestantism that resulted from it.

We cannot now imagine the fervor and violence of the civil and religious wars that followed. And how Science was formed by them. You heard me right – religion, politics, and science were formed from the same mold. From the same world-view. From Wikipedia:

comprehensive world view (or worldview) is the fundamental cognitive orientation of an individual or society encompassing the entirety of the individual or society’s knowledge and point-of-view, including natural philosophy; fundamental, existential, and normative postulates; or themes, values, emotions, and ethics.[1] The term is a calque of the German word Weltanschauung[ˈvɛlt.ʔanˌʃaʊ.ʊŋ] ( listen), composed of Welt (‘world’) and Anschauung (‘view’ or ‘outlook’).[2] It is a concept fundamental to German philosophy and epistemology and refers to a wide world perception. Additionally, it refers to the framework of ideas and beliefs through which an individual, group or culture interprets the world and interacts with it.

In my mind’s eye I can see my Grandfather repeating  ”Cause and Effect!” over and over in Prayer Meeting, back in the Fifties, while he rocked himself up on his toes to make himself taller. He knew how important it was – it was the foundation of his world –  although he could not have explained it in the least.  His was a world of powerful beliefs – and that was enough for him.

As it turned out, this particular belief had reached its peak, and would decline during my lifetime (long after he was dead) – but of course he did not know that. Few people have recognized this decline since then – and most absolutely refuse to recognize it.

In fact, I am having a hard time formulating the nature of what I am trying to say. How we came to believe in a world of separate chains of events. The key word here is separate.  The belief that things could happen in one part of the world without effecting the rest of the world. The model is the billiard-table – where the original mover (a man holding a cue-stick) sets in motion a series of independent events on a perfectly level surface.

In remote parts of Latin America, where people can afford very little. You will find the people (men only, please) playing billiards – and playing it passionately.

The basic idea behind all this was a divide-and-conquer strategy – as Caesar clearly enunciated. And which was the downfall of the Roman Empire. It seemed to be the road to unlimited power – but in reality, it was the path to total collapse. A collapse we are also seeing in our own time – as Colonialism is collapsing.

The reason for this is simple enough. The world is not complicated (composed of many independent separate events) that can be broken apart and analyzed separately.  It is complex (where everything effects everything else).

I am tempted to go into Complexity Theory (a very important discovery) but that would be too much of a digression. Take it from me – it is a big deal, and represents a break from the past. Just as the Computer represents a break with the past. But in both cases unacknowledged breaks.

It is possible to find things that can be analyzed and exploited separately (in the manner of a laboratory experiment). And this kind of exploitation is what made the Industrial Revolution such a success. The discovery of oil – and seemingly unlimited power – drove people completely crazy.

But, as we are finding out, there is no free lunch. And everything is linked to everything else.

I have relatives (distant relatives, it is true) who are in the oil business in Texas. All of their oil wells were running dry – until fracking was discovered. Now they are ecstatic - they are rich! A mad scramble is on to frack as much and as fast as possible.

No one – and I mean no one – is saying “What do we do when the oil runs out?” The answer seems to be “Who cares? We will solve that problem when we get to it!”

This assumes that the problem can be solved – and solved easily. When every indication is to the contrary. There are plenty of situations where there is no way out – and we seem to be in one of those.

Why Buddhism has Failed

It may surprise some of you to hear that it has failed – after all, Buddhism is not something you have been very interested in. You just considered it a nice thing – and let it go at that.

I will say it, and mince no words – Buddhism has failed at its most essential task – keeping itself alive. In China, the heartland of Northern Buddhism, it was destroyed completely. In Tibet it is as good as dead. And much the same could be said of Vietnam. As far as I know, it is still alive in Thailand but that country is a good as dead.

In the South it has been a failure in Burma and Cambodia – which had been as Buddhist as they could be. And in Sri Lanka the story is much the same – the religion still exists, but the country itself is dying.

Those of you who are Western Buddhists will insist that Buddhism has moved to the West – and is thriving there. I will not argue with you – after all, you have a right to your beliefs. But when I was into Insight Meditation I could not help but notice that its adepts had no solution  for the world’s problems – only for individual problems.

While this is extremely valuable for individuals – the world needs solutions too. And Buddhism is not much good for that.

I will now proceed to explain why.

I am now reading The Puppet and the Dwarf: The Perverse Core of Christianity by Slavoj Zizek. He makes some very good points – some of which I was aware of before.

I remember when I was on a long car ride with my guru – and to pass the time he decided to discuss philosophy. He asked me for what insights I had. I eagerly replied that there was “Inside and Outside.” Two different ways of being, it seemed to me at the time (this was back in the Seventies) and he was then a Gestalt guru. This ended the conversation immediately – somewhat to my surprise.

I still think that was a valuable insight – and explained why Buddhism was a failure. It concentrated in the Inside – when what was needed was concentration on the Outside. The direction most (but not all) Christian mystics concentrated on.

And not only that, but the Industrial Revolution as well – as Max Weber said.

We had concentrated on our Outside to the detriment of all else. And now we are stuck there – we need an anti-toxin to rid ourselves of it. In my opinion, we need to be much better aware of our technologies (our Outside) – and their effect on us.

The first step is awareness of where we are – where Slavoj Zizek is of some help – if of a perverse kind.

Please do not ask me to clarify my thoughts. I prefer leaving them muddled. If you want to be enlightened, you will have to do your own work.

The Need to be Wonderful

This, it seems to me, is one of the strongest compulsions of the modern world. It is fueled by the belief that there is something wrong with us. Something very wrong. Which comes directly from Calvinism.

We like to think of ourselves as being preoccupied with getting better – because that sounds so much better. But, in fact, we are preoccupied with how bad we are – and are desperately trying to get away from that.

This concern used to be fully conscious, at least to the religious part of the population. But it has now become unconscious, while still fully operational.

We are now intent on destroying ourselves – for the best of reasons. Because we have become such awful creatures – the opposite of what we should be.

We are now flying on automatic pilot – and consider this a huge improvement. When, in fact, it is a disaster of the first magnitude. We have, in fact, become not what we are (networks and computers) – instead of what we are (people).

It seems to us we have become gods – that we have discovered what the gods really are. What else could they be?

And we do not realize any of this at all.

We have become that perfect.

Corrupt Buddhism

NY Times – Myanmar’s monks have become corrupt and dangerously sectarian

Buddhism has acquired an image it often does not live up to – as anyone close to it knows well enough.

This article relates how Buddhist monks have killed people in recent anti-Muslim attacks.

There was a time when most of the young men and women who joined the order were driven by a spiritual quest. But during the half-century of the junta’s rule, it was the wars along the border areas and crushing poverty that brought novices to monasteries. Many were orphans with no other options; others were children entrusted to the monks by destitute parents trying to secure shelter and some schooling for them. In the profile of its recruits, the Sangha wasn’t so different from the Burmese Army — and sometimes the abbots were as brutal as officers.

The Significance of the Passion

When you live in Latin America, you live in a late medieval culture. A world that has not existed for five hundred years in the rest of the world. For them, the most sacred days in the year are Holy Thursday and Holy Friday – when Christ was tortured, humiliated and killed.

Latinos, being a traditional people, do not really understand this – indeed they are not too bright. They just know this period is important somehow – and set everything else aside for their religious observances.

In this posting I will review the reasons for the Passion.

First of all, Christ was part divine and part man. God had a son by a woman. This was common Greek mythology – but Christians made it something else. The Greek gods lived apart from man (except for an occasional sexual dalliance) and only interfered with human events occasionally. Usually to the detriment of the people involved. Greek religion consisted of mollifying the gods, so they would not be too angry.

The Hebrew God, the God of the Old Testament, was not very nice – especially towards women.

The people of the Mediterranean – especially the Eastern Mediterranean, who were under the ruthless dominion of Rome – needed a different kind of god. One who would be more human, and more interested in them.

The result, theologically speaking, was brilliant – at least for its believers. It made no sense to anyone else.

Christianity had a god who suffered – just as his people did. And who would reward them for their suffering – eventually.

Much later, Protestantism would downplay this part of Christianity – and emphasize success instead. Much to the horror of Catholicism. Violent religious wars – the worst in history- resulted. As Christian slaughtered Christian.

Latin America – safely isolated by the Atlantic Ocean – was unaware of this. For them, a religion based on suffering still made sense. There was still plenty of it around. An approach that tried to eliminate suffering did not interest them – they already had their own solution.

Eventually, they realized they were much poorer than the Protestant countries to the North – and imported its popular culture (and also Evangelicalism) thinking this would fix their problems.

It hasn’t and it won’t – because the underlying culture is still suffering-oriented. And backward – not forward looking.

This has its advantages – they are still people-oriented, and treat their children much better than the Gringos do. This is paradoxical – but observed easily enough.

The End of the Roman Republic Came Before Christianity

The transition from Republic to Empire coincided with the death of Julius Caesar in 44 BC. After that, Rome was led by dictators, or Emperors, beginning with Augustus.

This indicates that Christianity was caused by Roman disintegration. Not the other way around – as it is commonly assumed.

This fits in nicely with history. The First Jewish-Roman War (66–73 CE) eliminated the Jewish people, as a nation – leaving only the Jews in the Diaspora.

This is where Christianity evolved, beginning with Paul (the Wikipedia account is excellent) – although scholars have made it clear that  many other early Christianities existed, but were eliminated by the Roman version.

Christianity was a solution to the problem of the Roman Empire. Which later self-destructed – with Christianity being part of that destruction.

I hardly need note the similarity to our own time. Christianity has adapted itself, once again, to a new power (Globalization) and is helping to destroy it.

The Death of Hypatia

This continues the theme I wrote about in The Christian Destruction of Classical Culture. I had listened to The Swerve, and then ordered the book so I could copy some of the best parts.

What follows is from Chapter Four, The Teeth of Time. The time is the Fifth Century, shortly after Christianity became the official religion of the Roman Empire – and began its attack Paganism and Judaism. The place is Alexandria, Egypt – which had been conquered by Caesar, but had been a Hellenistic cultural center. Christianity was largely a blend of Jewish religion and Greek culture – and it was now determined to eliminate all traces of these connections – especially the Greek part.

Christian mobs were attacking Jews and Pagans alike. Taking especial delight in destroying Pagan relics - which included the Great Library at Alexandria – the best in the world.

The pagan poet Palladas wrote afterward:

Is it not true that we are dead, and living only in appearance,
We Hellenes, fallen on disaster,
Likening life to a dream, since we remain alive while
Our way of life is dead and gone?

Cyril, the Christian Patriarch, demanded the expulsion of the city’s large Jewish population. Alexandria’s governor Orestes, a moderate Christian, refused, and this refusal was supported by the pagan intellectual intellectual elite whose most distinguished representative was the influential and immensely learned Hypatia.

Hypatia was the daughter of a mathematician  one of the Library’s famous scholars-in-residence. Legendarily beautiful as a young woman, she had become famous for her attainments in astronomy, music, mathematics, and philosophy. Students came from great distances to study the works of Plato and Aristotle under her tutelage…

Wrapped in the traditional philosophers cloak, called a tribon, and moving about the city in a chariot, Hypatia was one of Alexandria’s most visible public figures…Hypatia’s support for Orestes’ refusal to expel the Jewish population  may help to explain what happened next.

Returning to her house, Hypatia was pulled from her chariot…stripped off her clothing, and had her skin flayed off. The mob then dragged her corpse outside the city walls and burned it.

Their hero Cyril was eventually made a saint.

To Not Be is to Be Pure

Being pure has been considered a religious passion with enormous implications. We have idealized our Puritans, for example – and have never tried to understand them, or place them in their context. They were too wonderful for that.

But Religion (with a capital R) has been married to Business (also with a capital B) to become one Grand Passion. One of whose objectives is the attainment of Purity.

The question that must be answered, of course, is purity from what? And the answer is simple – from their filthy selves. The worst things in the world. I will not go into the theological implications here – except to note that Christianity is full of them.

You will immediately object that no such thing is going on – that I am only imagining things. And I will counter by saying that most of our behavior has become unconscious – shoved into the dark where it won’t be noticed, but can operate just the same. But we can easily infer what is going on there by observing our behavior – which is clear enough (or claro in Spanish).

And have become pure – by simply not being at all.

But here again, I will get blank stares from people – being, what is that? And I, in turn, am flabbergasted – they don’t know what being is?

But then I have to admit – they really don’t! They have abandoned their selves (their being) to become pure beings – removed from the filthy world.

That they have also become incompetent – unable to function in the real world – does not seem to bother them.

Because that world does not interest them.

The Internet as a Religion

I got this idea from the book To Save Everything, Click Here. From page 25:

Does the Internet have a message to impart to humanity? Does it contain important lessons that we all need to heed and and perhaps incorporate in our institutions? Does it help us discover long-forgotten truths about human nature?

More and more people are answering this in the affirmative…It is this propensity to view the Internet as source of wisdom and policy advice that transforms it from a fairly uninteresting set of cables and network routers, into a seductive and exciting new ideology – perhaps today’s über-ideology…

It’s an intellectual template for how society itself should be reorganized.

I went through a period where I thought software development (including Internet software development) had insights that could be applied to wider social problems. But this was not so. The software world is only a small part of the larger world and what was learned there – for the most part – could not be applied elsewhere.

You only learn this when you actually try to use it – and not just think about it. Specialized skills (of any kind) can only be applied to their larger context with considerable difficulty.

The Internet is only the Internet – but the Business World (which is where we really are) has made it our new passion – our new religion.

Miracles

As I said before, I am taking an online course from the University of Edinburgh - an Introduction to Philosophy. Today, the philosopher is David Hume, the most famous (or, for some people infamous) member of the Scottish Enlightenment. And Hume is talking about miracles.

Back then (in the 18th Century) it was relatively easy to cut them down to size – as was done for the miracle stories in the New Testament. But now it is more difficult, as I will show.

Recently, one of my sisters had a miracle healing. I won’t go into the details, but it was clear enough to me that it really happened – quite to the surprise of her doctors. What happened here?

My take is simple enough – the human body is hugely affected by the human mind. They both effect each other because they are both part of the same thing. My sister’s religious healing worked because it affected her mind – which, in turn affected her body.

This is not limited to religion. The 12-step recovery program also requires a faith in something for it to work.

Miracles have a new hold on life. But what that is, we are not sure.

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