Posts Tagged ‘ James S. Hans ’

Envy is Ignorance

This is more of Emerson. He has his romantic excesses, but it is hard to quarrel with this:

There is a time in every man’s education when he arrives at the conviction that envy is ignorance; that imitation is suicide; that he must take himself for better or worse as his portion; that though the wide universe is full of good, no kernel of nourishing corn can come to him but through his toil on that plot of ground which is given to him to till. The power that resides in him is new in nature, and none but he knows what that is which he can do, nor does he know until he has tried.

James Hans explains:

Emerson assumes here that the great obstacles in the way of the individual are envy and a consequent desire to imitate the one who is envied. We find our own position in the world to be lacking, so we seek to imitate another person who seems to be much more in control of the flows of his life. In so doing, we think, we will be able to achieve the kind of autonomy we desire and perceive in another. For Emerson, this is a view based on ignorance because it lacks an understanding of the nature of human individuality in its strengths and weaknesses. It fails to see that the good life is predicated on accepting precisely that which most of us are loath to embrace: ourselves.

My grandmother, for example, was a struggling writer, determined to write a great novel – without the talent to do so. She would study writers who were successful and try to imitate them. All she got for her efforts were a large collection of rejection slips.

But she was a success at a different kind of writing: homilies for offering envelopes, and supported her family throughout the Depression by writing them. Unfortunately, none of them have survived.

Emerson on the Essential Self

As I said before, I am reading The Site of Our Lives, by James S Hans. He quotes Emerson on page 45:

These are the voices which we hear in solitude, but they grow faint and inaudible as we enter into the world. Society everywhere is in conspiracy against the manhood of everyone one of its members. Society is a joint-stock company, in which the member agree, for the better securing of his bread to each shareholder, to surrender the liberty and culture of the eater. The virtue most request is conformity. Self-reliance is its aversion. It loves not realilties and creators, but names and customs.

Is Recovery Possible?

The answer is: yes, in theory. In practice, things are more difficult.

Perhaps I should first state  what I am talking about: who is trying to recover from what? For most, this question will strike no response: they are not aware of any crisis – or that any response is necessary. For them, things just go on as usual – with only a few minor crises to keep things interesting, hardly worthy of the name. They not only lack the ability to see the problem – but are adamantly opposed to seeing it – by anybody. They are part of the problem, and determined to remain so.

This is addressed to the minority, who know too well what is happening, at least at the gut level – but wonder if their situation is hopeless. I can only speak from personal experience, and my personal observations – bolstered by the observations of others.

One of these is a rather strange fellow, James S. Hans, who got many of his ideas from Nietzsche - another strange fellow. Frederich realized that one of our main problems was our desire for revenge for things that had happened to us in the past – real or imaginary.  We are determined to get even. Freud came up with some elaborate theories for this, with one at their root: our obsession with repeating our problems over and over – perhaps with minor variations.

Let me put this another way: we are all small children, still struggling with our childhood problems. This will strike you as either obvious – or ridiculous, depending on your point of view.

The 19th and 20th Centuries were a bad time to be a child – or to be anyone, for that matter. The human race was turning against itself – the most catastrophic event in history. At the same time we were turning towards all our technologies – and determined to be like them. An impossible job that only makes us feel inadequate.

So here we are, in the 21st Century, wondering what to make of the wreck around us. If we are aware of this wreckage, we have solved our first problem: being aware of a situation too horrible to contemplate. The next step is what  to do about it?

Here is where it gets interesting. And where most advice is useless. Speaking for myself, I had to realize how deeply enmeshed I was with my past, (especially with my mother, may she rot in hell), and with my working history – which was a repetition of my childhood, over and over. To put it in the language of addiction: I had to hit bottom. When you do that, you either splatter or you bounce.

Fortunately for me, I was in another culture and I was dimly aware that self-destruction was not necessary. And that people were not necessarily evil. And that is why I am writing this posting.

Be suspicious of those who blithely say “I have forgiven everyone in the world for everything bad they have ever done to me!” They are probably lying.

The Urge to Destroy the World

This is going to be a difficult posting. My lead here is James S. Hans in his book The Question of Value, in its last chapter, which I am in the process of reading and rereading. And to be perfectly fair, the book The Master and his Emissary, which complements it.

Hans does not consider the impulse I am describing here – a strange blank spot in his reasoning which I cannot account for, because he describes its setting perfectly. Basically it is this: man is finding that the world limits his plans for infinite expansion; finds this intolerable; and therefore wants to destroy it. In the case of America, he is destroying America – and much of the rest of the world is doing the same, following our lead.

This is something few can see, even the brightest – probably because is it so horrible it is not believable. Hannah Arendt noticed this when she was writing about the Holocaust. The same thing happened in the Russian Gulag and in the Cultural Revolution – while the rest of the world still could not believe it. In that respect, nothing has changed.

I personally found this destruction intolerable in the working world, when I was part of it. Now that I am out of it, I can watch it happening; write about it; and see that this makes no difference to anyone. They cannot hear me talking.

This approach may sound familiar to you: apocryphal warnings have been going on for a long time. But the situation now is different: it is entirely new – and entirely new things are going on in it.

What is new? In the past five hundred years change has been so rapid and continuous that we are now looking at a new world – and we do not like what we see. People are ambivalent about this: insisting both that everything has changed and nothing has changed at the same time. It’s about time we made up our mind. But there is one problem: we have no mind left – it has been left far behind.

For most, this is not a problem at all. For them, it is a good thing: “Our minds only created big problems for us.” they say – and they are right. We misused our minds entirely. But this is no reason to quit using them entirely. We should start over and start using them right: in harmony with everything else. But this is precisely what they do not want to do. They are like spoiled children: insisting that they must have their own way – if not, they will demolish their play-pen.

Everything has to be taken into account when we think about changing things – and this is no easy matter. But, on the other hand, it is probably not impossible – we just have to start taking the first few baby steps in that direction.

There is no shame in being a baby – but for Americans, it is. Our history is clear: babies get destroyed.

The Ubiquity of the Social Network

My scripture this morning is from James S. Hans’ The Question of Value, page 162. This is my third pass through this section, and I am determined to get it down.

I have two criticisms of this guy, the brightest person I know: (1) he doesn’t appreciate the impact of technology – something Lewis Mumford is much better at; and (2) he doesn’t realize that people no longer exist. To be fair, I have a hard time with this last point myself – and keep asking myself: if they are not people, what are they? I cannot come up with a word that satisfies me. It will no doubt take future generations to understand this phenomena - and to name it – if there are still generations around.

It seems to me, to make an extreme simplification, that Computers Have Taken the Place of People . And this should be the realization we should start from.

But we should also make it clear how this technology has affected society in two ways: (1) by integrating all the power structures in the more advanced countries to make local power complexes and (2) integrating all the economies in the world (globalization). The social network has been replaced by the Internet, a technical network. In the process people have disappeared, because they are no longer necessary – or even desirable. It takes some work to dig this out of Hans. The following is an example of his brilliant writing (on page 165):

We are masters of the anxious moment, the aporias of boredom, the never-ending sequence of disappointment and reversal; we have probed the interstices of these orientations like true devotees and pride ourselves on our ability to bear the pain we have engendered and so fully exploited…We make use of them simply because they are an essential aspect of the narcissism through which our values have come to be defined.

Ouch! It is hard for me to admit he is right. But I have a contribution to make too – as I said above.

The Discursive and the Recursive

This posting in pure James S. Hans, and what he says in his book The Question of Value. He says what many others are saying: we are one a one-way track to nowhere. But he does the best job of explained how this track was constructed. The only other book that comes close for me is Telling the Truth About History – which says much the same thing from an historical perspective.

I am keenly aware of my audience here: people who read little, and are likely to stay that way. What can I say to them? Probably not much. I am talking about a lack of  awareness so huge it is probably insurmountable. If past experience is any indication, a few readers will understand what I am saying immediately – and the rest never will. But let me proceed anyway; it will help me clarify my thoughts.

The modern world was based on a belief in reason – most famously Rene Descartes‘ Cogito ergo sum. Without understand it at all, most people still believe this – and will not give it up. To put it another way, they believe they are in control of their life – when they are out of the loop entirely.

This is probably a good place to start – but also the place I lose almost everyone immediately. If they were still with me, I would steer them to the Scientific American, and the article about The Inflation Debate. This is typical of the latest debates in scientific circles. Most will simply say they are not interested in something so esoteric as inflation theory. But they are missing the point: science is now using the recursive approach to problem-solving. This adopts a different stance. In the past Newton, for example, reasoned from first principles – one of them being that God exists, and is the center of all being – the discursive approach.

The recursive approach assumes that what we know now is only a first pass at understanding, and we will have to take additional passes at understanding reality – beginning with the basics each time. This is so radical that places like Scientific American have never made it explicit – but simply assumed its readers already knew it.

Its advertisers would be offended. For example, there is a huge 15-page advertisement paid for by Malaysia, right in the middle of the magazine. A number of scientific organizations have been embarrassed recently by disclosures of how much money they have received from repressive Islamic governments. They would all be offended by any suggestion that the truth is not known for all time.

What Did Jesus Christ and Friedrich Nietzsche Have in Common?

This is a serious question – probably the toughest one I have ever attempted to answer – and I am not sure I can handle it – but of course I will try. My guide here is James S. Hans, a man you probably never heard of – and never will, since he seems to resist having a fan club.

Jesus, of course, has not such problem. If anything he has the opposite problem: he has too many fans, and too many personalities. All we have is a collections of stories that had nothing to do with the real man – of whom we know practically nothing. Of this collection, a number are remarkable for their display of loving-kindness (to use a Buddhist term). It is to this tradition I refer to.

Hans starts with Nietzsche’s belief that man’s biggest stumbling block is his insistence on revenge for injustices committed against him in the past. I can relate to relate to this problem at once, since I am obsessed with it – as you probably have noticed. Like most, I had a miserable childhood – and a working life that was almost as bad.

But I have an advantage: I am aware of it – although I keep being surprised by how little I really understand it! Most are not in the least, and spend their lives slaying dragons – or having dragons slay them. Revenge never dies – and like he predicted, will probably be the end of us.

“So,” you may say,”What’s the problem? All we have to do is change ourselves.” But this is like asking why we don’t change our DNA: it’s not that easy – as a matter of fact, it’s damn near impossible. One thread leads to another thread, and soon we have a whole big snarl of it, with no way of untangling the whole thing.

This is common sense, but a part of our common sense we resist with all our might. We are probably the stubbornest species on earth – we invented stubbornness, and insist on perfecting it.

The problem is capable of analysis: and Hans does so in a original way – showing what a tangle it is. Does anyone give a shit? No.

Once Again, I Fail to Become a Programmer

The one book I keep returning to, my personal bible, is The Question of Value, by James S. Hans. I keep wondering why no one else sees its enormous value. But I seem to be in a world where there are few of us. That is life: you have to take it as it is – wherever it takes you.

One of his main points is the difference between discursivity, a word he has made up for himself, but is based on discursive: “proceeding logically or coherently from topic to topic” or “reasoning from premises to conclusions based upon analytical reasoning” – as contrasted with intuitive.

And recursivity, another new word based on recursive: “of, relating to, or being a procedure that can repeat itself indefinitely.” The basic idea is simple: you never get anything right the first time, you have to keep working on it – endlessly.

He also has another idea, which he got from Nietzsche: the human revulsion against time. I cannot explain this, and only absorbed it after reading him over and over – a procedure I am sure he would have approved of. You have to let go of the past, and accept that in the future things will be different. I cringe at this paraphrase, because it is so trite and new-age. But sometimes even they are on to something important – even if they have no idea what to do with it.

But to proceed. I have been obsessed, once again, with the desire to learn programming. Why I had no idea, I just had to do it – not the brightest of reasons. So in my usual fashion, I started to flounder around – trying this, and trying that. Buying book after book to help me along. Microsoft’s developer tools seemed attractive at first – at least I could install them successfully. So I bought some more books and started to learn JavaScript and Microsoft’s Visual Web Developer.

Two technologies, I found, that do not work well with each other. I was beginning to worry, but plunged on ahead anyway. Perhaps my Fairy Godmother would appear to help me. She never did.

Microsoft’s Visual Web Developer is an over-developed tool – I can only describe it that way. It has forty ways of doing everything and their interactions, to me, are baffling. It seemed to be testing me to see if I was really a programmer. I failed the test.

So I tried something else: web2py another application framework that seems to be doing everything right. At least that is what it claims. I downloaded the book (it was cheaper that way) and set to work. My previous programming experience (I was a programmer back in the early Eighties) came in handy as I navigated my way through their programming interface. I managed to avoid most of the minefields, but then got stuck – on something that to any real programmer must seem trivial.

Real programmers, I must say, have a sixth sense about how to program and can see things ordinary mortals (such as me) cannot. It must be genetic – and I don’t have those genes.

I realized right away something I realized before: that these guys need someone less bright than they are to explain them to others. That is why I became a technical writer – and a successful one for twenty years.

But that time also taught me something else: tech writers, although they are well-paid, get shit on (to put it bluntly). What they crank out is junk, but that is what employers seem to want. Good technical writing is done by people who know what they are doing – and can also turn to writing to help them pay their bills.

Let me get back to my original subject: exploring my limits, because that is what I am doing here. Once again, I have found one of my limits – but I have also found ground I can maneuver in.

Maybe, if I talk to web2py right, they will let me work on their documentation. If I can penetrate their wall of silence, that every organization seems to protect itself with, I might be able to help them.

But then I ask myself: “Can they help me, as a person?” I very much doubt it, they are not into that kind of thing.

Appeasing the Ghosts of our Ancestors

We pride ourselves on being an advanced culture, not subject to superstitions like this. But perhaps we are even more superstitious than they were: we have the same compulsions but they have now become unconscious – a place we have created to protect ourselves from such forbidden knowledge.

Freud, who discovered the unconscious, also discovered our need for compulsive repetition: the need to keep repeating our past. In other words, to appease the ghosts of our ancestors – usually parents or parent-figures from our unhappy past. Instead of giving these up, we keep rehearsing them over and over – never seeming to tire of it, and never realizing what we are doing. The old emotional charge is so powerful we cannot resist it.

This results in what we now call the death instinct, although he called it the death drive:

In classical Freudian psychoanalytic theory, the death drive (“Todestrieb”) is the drive towards death, self-destruction and the return to the inorganic: ‘the hypothesis of a death instinct, the task of which is to lead organic life back into the inanimate state’[1].

This is something a plain as the noses on our faces – but something we deny strenuously, to use later terminology. As a result, we have destroyed ourselves – while saying as loudly and insistently as we can “Nothing bad is going on.”

How do I know this? By paying attention to my own unconscious compulsions while I am meditating, using a practice sometimes called insight meditation which you can learn about by following the link indicated – keeping in mind that mental understanding will not benefit you much. You have to stubbornly keep doing the practice – no matter what. And few can do this.

At this point, I must also add a disclaimer. My meditation teacher, whose skills were awesome, suffered from a total emotional collapse – and needed the help of a psychiatrist to recover. Evidently his childhood was more than he could cope with, even with his strict meditation practice – and all the help he was to many others. He was not able to help himself – a very common problem in the helping professions.

What is Different

From The Question of Value, page 119-120

Time emerges as different from timelessness;
Finitude emerges as different from transcendence:
The life instinct emerges as different from the death instinct;
Man emerges as different from the world;
Man as self-awareness emerges as different from man as body.

He goes on to say that these dualities have different qualities. For example, the finitude/transcendence differential is essentially a negative concept – transcendence is defined as “not finitude”, “not contingent”, “not limited”, and so forth, and thus reflects finitude only through negativity.

Can you see why his thinking fascinates me?

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